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Wallets and similar software technically handle all of bitcoins as equivalent, establishing the basic amount of fungibility. Scientists have pointed out that the history of each bitcoin is registered and publicly available in the blockchain ledger, and that some consumers might refuse to accept bitcoins coming from controversial transactions, which would harm bitcoin's fungibility.121.

The blocks in the blockchain were originally limited to 32 megabytes in size. The block size limitation of one megabyte was introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2010. Eventually the block size limitation of one megabyte created problems for transaction processing, like increasing transaction fees and delayed processing of transactions.122

On 24 August 2017 (at block 481,824), Segregated Witness (SegWit) went live. Transactions contain some information which is only used to check the transaction, and does not affect the movement of coins. SegWit introduced a new transaction format which transferred this information into a new area in a backwards-compatible way.

This enhances the size of the average transaction in such nodes' view, thereby increasing the block size without incurring the hard fork signaled by other proposals for block size increases. Thus, per computer scientist Jochen Hoenicke, the true block capacity depends on the ratio of SegWit transactions in the cube, and on the proportion of signature information.

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According to Hoenicke, if native SegWit addresses from Bitcoin Core version 0.16.0 are used, and SegWit adoption reaches 90% to 95%, a block size of up to 1.8 megabytes is possible.citation needed.

Satoshi Nakamoto stated in his white newspaper which:"The root issue with conventional currencies is all the hope thats required to make it operate. The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency, but the history of fiat currencies is full of breaches of the trust. "123

According to the European Central Bank, the decentralization of money provided by bitcoin has its theoretical roots in the Austrian school of economics, particularly with Friedrich von Hayek in his book Denationalisation of Money: The Argument Refined,124 in which he recommends a full free market in the production, distribution and management of money to end the monopoly of central banks.125:22.

According to The New York Times, both libertarians and anarchists were drawn to the idea. Early bitcoin supporter Roger Ver said:"Initially, nearly everyone who got involved did so for philosophical reasons. We watched bitcoin as a fantastic idea, as a means to separate money from your country. "123 The Economist describes bitcoin as"a techno-anarchist project to create an online version of cash, a way for people to transact without the possibility of interference from malicious governments or banks".126.

Nigel Dodd asserts in The Social Life of Bitcoin the essence of the bitcoin ideology is to eliminate money from social, in Addition to governmental, control.128 Dodd quotes a YouTube video, with Roger Ver, Jeff Berwick, Charlie Shrem, Andreas Antonopoulos, Gavin Wood, Trace Meyer and other proponents of bitcoin reading The Declaration of Bitcoin's Independence.

Bitcoin undermines governments and disturbs institutions because bitcoin is fundamentally humanitarian. "128127.

David Golumbia states that the ideas influencing bitcoin advocates emerge from right-wing extremist movements like the Liberty Lobby and the John Birch Society and their anti-Central Bank rhetoric, or, more recently, Ron Paul and Tea Party-style libertarianism.129 Steve Bannon, who owns a"good stake" in bitcoin, considers it to his explanation be"tumultuous populism.

It's revolutionary. "130.

However, researchers looking to uncover the reasons for interest in bitcoin did not find evidence in Google research data that this has been linked to libertarianism.131

Bitcoin is an electronic asset designed to work in peer transactions as a currency.5132 Bitcoins have three qualities useful in a currency, according to The Economist in January 2015: they are"difficult to earn, limited in supply and easy to confirm".133 However, as of 2015update bitcoin functions more as a payment processor than as a currency.13431.

Economists define money as a store of value, a medium of exchange, and a unit of account.135 According to The Economist in 2014, bitcoin functions best as a medium of exchange.135 But this is debated,136 and a 2018 assessment from The Economist found that cryptocurrencies fulfilled none of these 3 criteria.126.

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According to study from Cambridge University, between 2.9 million and 5.8 million unique users utilized a cryptocurrency wallet in 2017, the majority of these for bitcoin. The number of users has grown significantly since 2013, when there were 300,000 about 1.3 million consumers.12

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The overwhelming bulk of bitcoin transactions occur on a cryptocurrency exchange, rather than being used in transactions with merchants.137 Delays processing payments through the blockchain of about ten minutes create bitcoin use very hard in a retail setting. Rates are not usually quoted in units of bitcoin and many trades involve one, or occasionally two, conversions into conventional currencies.31 Merchants that do accept bitcoin payments can use payment service providers to perform the conversions.138.